书城外语高考英语词汇考点手册
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第22章

V

vacation休假,假期

vac(空)+tion(名词后缀,表示情况、状态)休假,假期

on vacation在度假

festival节日喜庆日/ eve前夜,前夕/holiday假日,假期/term学期/weekend周末

valuable有价值的,贵重的

dear昂贵的/ expensive贵的/preciou,宝贵的/priceless无价的/worthy有价值的/rich富有的/wealthy富有的

value价值,实用性,重要性;尊重,重视

You'll find this map of great_ in helping you to get round London.

A. price B.cost C.value D.usefulness

解析 答 案 为 C, value是“益处,价值”的意思,是个抽象名词。常用在"be of great+抽象名词”这个结构中。本题意为“你会发现这张地图帮助你在伦敦旅游大有益处。”

victory 胜利,成功

succes成功/triump胜利

victory,名词,不能充当谓语。战胜敌人,可译为win(gain)a victory over the enemy 或to defeat the enemy.

W

wait 等候,等待时间

wait for等候;等待/wait服务;等候

waiter侍者/waitress女侍者

-Why did you go back to the shop?

-I left my friend th e re .

A. waiting B.to wait C.wait D. waits

解析 答案为Ao leave sb. doing sth, doing短语做了宾语补足语。

wait(等候)通常用作不及物动词,要表示等某人;某事物,通常不能用wait sb. (sth. ),而说wait for sb. (sth. )。例:They are waiting for a bus.他们在等公共汽车。注:有时wait也可用作及物动词,但用法很有限,通常只能接个别名词作宾语(如:turn, chance, result, opportunity, arrival, order等),wait后通常不能接that从句(因为它不及物)。

way 路,道,街;方法,方式,手段

by the wa,顺便说,顺便问一下/fight one's wa,打出一条路/get in one's way妨碍某人/ lose one's way迷路/all the way一路上/make ope's way 走,行走,前进/push one's way奋力向前挤/on one's way在来或去的行进中,在路上/all the way一路上;远道/be way of/经由??/ find one's way设法找到去??的路/get out of the way走开,让开/give way(to sb.)让步;被代替/in a way从某种意义上说八n the way阻碍/in any way无论如何/make one's way to(towards)向??走去

freewa,高速公路/halfwa,中途/highway公路/railway铁路

My parents always let me have my own_ of living.

A. way B.method C.manner D.fashion

解析 答案为 A. have one's own way of doing sth.是惯用法,意为:有自己做某事的方法。

在去往??的路上,英文用on one's way to...如果接表示地点的副词,则不用too例: He's on the way to becoming a fine mechanic.他即将成为一名优秀的技工。公在名词way后面的定语从句中,常常省略引导词that或in which, the way表示方式,所以不能再用how,way后面还可以接不定式戴of短语作定语。例:This is the way(that)he always treats me.这就是他对待我的一贯方式。

weather天气

weather表示“天气”,是不可数名词,前面不能加不定冠词a。例:His trousers have been worn into holes.他的裤子已破了好些洞了。我们说“天气如何”,不用how,因为疑问代词what在逻辑上是介词like的宾语。例:What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊!

wedding婚礼

attend a wedding参加婚礼/a silver(golden,diamond) wedding结婚二十五(五十或七十五)周年纪念

week周;星期

last/next week上周/下周

weekend周末

week(星期)+ end(末尾)周末

on weekend在周末

weekly每周的,一周一次的,周报

week(星期)十ly(形容词后缀)每周一次的

week星期/weekend周末/weekda,工作日/ date期/fortnight两周,两星期/Monday星期一/Tuesday星期二/Wednesday星期三/Thursday星期四/Friday星期五/Saturday星期六/Sunday星期日/month月,月份/January一月/February二月/March三月/April四月/May五月/June六月/July七月/August八月/September九月/October+月/November十一月/December+二月/year年/season季节/spring春天;春季/summer夏天,夏季/autumn秋天,秋季/winter冬天;冬季/century世纪

what什么,什么东西;哪个,哪种

___we can't get seems better than we have.

A. What ;what B. What; that

C. That; that D. That; what

解析 答案 为 A。此题前面填的是主语从句的连接代词,由于连接代词在从句中充当宾语,所以要选择what;同样的理由,后面填的也应该是what,因此,此小题的正确选项应该是A.

A computer can only do___you have instructed it to do.

A. how B. after C.what D. when

解析 答案 为 C。本题考查名词性从句连接词的选用。分析本句的结构可知,空白处应填的连词引导的是宾语从句,作主句谓语动词do的宾语;同时,该连接词还作宾语从句中动词不定式中动词do的宾语。所以,该连接词应是连接代词。

I think it's going to be a big problem.

Yes,it could be.

I wonder___ we can do about it.

A. if B.how C.what D.that

解析 答 案为C。本句的意思可以直译成“我不知道这件事我们该怎么办。”选项只有what可以把谓语动词wonder后面的成分变成一个名词从句,在句中做宾语。注意:尽管在中文里这句话有“怎么办”,但英文意思中并没有说明“方式”或“如何”的含意,因此不能用how,所以答案是C.

when什么时候,何时;那时,然后

The film brought the hours back to me___I was taken good care of in that

far-away village.

A. until B.that C.when D.where

解析 答案为 C.本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要辫认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔.定语从句的先行词是表示时间的名词hours,并且关系词在从句中用作状语,故应选用表示时间的关系副词when.

He was about to tell me the secret_ someone patted him on the shoulder.

A. as B.until C.while D.when

解析 答案为 D. when在此意为“突然”。句意为:他正要告诉我那个秘密,突然一个人拍了他的肩膀。

wind绕,弯曲

wind through(across)蜿蜒穿过/wind蜿蜒而上;上弦

wish愿望;祝愿,希望

wish do sth.希望做.../wish sb...sth.希望某人做某事/wish for渴望……想得到……/wish sb.sth祝某人(得到)……

I___I were back home;I don't like this place.

A. hope B. wish C. expect D. want

解析 答 案 B 。句意:我希望我现在回到家里,我不喜欢这个地方。hope和wish作为动词,都可以表示“希望”、“祝愿”,但hope指期待某事并主观上认为有可能实现,而wish所表示的愿望实现的可能性不大,后边的宾语从句要用虚拟语气;expect期望、期待,着重认为某事有可能发生;want想要、希望,其后不跟宾语从句。

hope,wish这两个词只有两种结构是通用的:wish for = hopefor;wish to do二hope to do。而如T情况wish与hope就不可通用要表达“A希望B做某事’时只能用:A wish B to do sth.没有A hope to do sth.这一结构。在表达“祝愿”之意时,常用wish而不用hope。如:Wish you good luck.祝你好运!在sb.hope that"?句型中,从句常用陈述语气,表示通过人的主观努力是可以实现的。而在sb. wish that"?句型中用虚拟语气结构。例:I wish I were a bird.我但愿是只鸟。

wooden木制的;木头似的,呆笨的

woolen羊毛制的/golde。金质的/silken亘制的/plant植物/bush灌木丛/jungle(热带)丛林,密林/forest森林/wood树林;木材,木头/woodcutter樵夫,伐木工/grass草,草地/grassland草原,牧场/weed杂草,野草/seaweed海草,海藻/ hay干草八ree树/trunk树干/branch枝条/leaf树叶/flower花/root根;根茎/ seed种子/bamboo竹,竹子/pine松树/rose玫瑰花/shade树阴;阴凉处/shadow阴影,影子

worker工作,工作者

works工厂

the steel works钢铁厂

world世界,地球,全世界,世人

al over the world全世界/in the world(=on earth)究竟

worried担忧的,担心的,发愁的

worri( = worry担优)+ed(形容词后缀)担心的,担优的

be worried about sb. /sth.为某人/某事担心

worry担忧,担心,发愁

worry about(对某人、困难、前途等)担优、担心、发愁

worse更坏的事

and what is worse = to make things worse更糟的是……/(go)from bad to worse每况愈下,愈来愈糟

Are you satisfied with her answer?

Not at all. It couldn't have been___.

A.worse B.so bad C.better D.the worst

解析 答案为A。由Not at all这一信息句考生可得到提示,后一句相当于It couldn't have been worse than the answer she had ever made.

would愿,想,总是,老是

would rather.愿意

When he was there, he_ go to th at co ffe e shop at the corner after work every day.

A.would B.should C.had better D.might

解析 答案为 A。由where he was there这个信息句可知,“他过去每天在下班以后总到拐角那家咖啡屋去。”故A为最佳答案,would do表示过去总是或常常。

would表示过去的习,动作,二过去不甚规贝。的习惯。常和often ,sometimes, always ,for hours, of a day连用。. would是表示过去习惯动作的典型助动词,也较正式。口语可用used to代替;used to和would同义,表示过去经常重复的动作。在表示过去的习惯时,used t。用于较规则的习惯。此外would有时侧重于叙述过去的光景,used to有时侧重于和现在相对照。例:When he was a little boy, he used to live in the country、当他还是个小孩子时,常住在乡下。

wrong错误的,有毛病的

be wrong with有毛病 /do wrong做错事;做坏事/do wrong to sb.冤屈某人;虐待某人

It was___that you did me yesterday afternoon.

A. right B.correct C.wrong D.mistaken

解析 答 案 C .句意:昨天下午是你冤枉了我。do sb. wrong(= do wrong to sb.)待某人不公,冤枉某人,委屈某人。

Y

year年

year after year年年/year by year一年一年

She won a gold medal in the Olympic Games,but she was just___the n.

A.an 18-years-old girl B.a girl of 18

C.at the age of 18 years old D.an-18-year gir

解析 答案 B.句意:她在奥林匹克运动会上赢得了金牌,但她那时只有18岁。表年龄的正确用法:a girl of eighteen(= an 18-year-old girl = at the age of 18)。

名词year后具体表示年代的词直接作同位语,不用介of.例:(X) This school was founded in the year of 1932. (√) This school was founded in the year 1932.这所学校是1932年创办的。

yes是;好;同意

Wasn't it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?

___.

A. I didn't know he was

C. No, he wasn't

B. Yes, it was

D.Yes, he did

解析 答 案为 B.题干是个强调句式的疑问句,所以回答应是Yes, it was或No, it wasn't.A,C,D项均不符语法,所答非所问。

you你;你们

Was th at I saw last night at the concert

A. it you B.not you C.you D.that yourself

解析 答案 为 A。该题考查考生对英语强调句句式的掌握。句意:我时天晚上在音乐会上看到的是你吗?答案为A。本题考查强调句型的一般疑问句形式。强调句型的一般疑问句形式为“Is/Was + it+被强调部分十that/who+句子的其他部分”。

young年轻的,年幼的

young表示年轻的,youthful表示年轻,有青春活力的,如:He died young.他英年早逝。She looks young for her age.她比实际年龄显得年轻。The old man had a youthful spirit.那位老人有青年人的朝气。

yours你的;你们的

yourself你自己

by yourself独自,靠自己/help yourself( to sth.)为自己取食品、饮料等。

youth青春,活力;青年人,小伙子

youth表示“青年人”是一个集体名词,语动词要用复数形式。例:(X) The youth of our country has lofty ideals. (√) The youth of our country have lofty ideals.我国的青年有崇高的理想。

Z

zero零;最低点;零点,零位

zero的复数形式不是在词尾加es,而是直接力s,因为它是一个以o结尾的外来词。