书城公版The Origins of Contemporary France
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第830章

[54] Archives des Affaires étrangères, vols. 331 and 332. (Letters of Désgranges, Frimaire 3 and 8 and 10.) "Many of the peasants have eaten no bread for a fortnight. Most of them no longer work." Buchez et Roux, XVIII., 346. (Session of the convention, Brumaire 14, Speech by Legendre.)[55] Moniteur, xix., 671. (Speech by Tallien, March 12, 1794.) Buchez et Roux, XXXII., 423. (Letter of Jullien, June 15, 1794.)[56] Archives Nationales, AF., II., 111. (Letters of Michaud, Chateauroux, Pluvi?se 18 and 19, year II.)[57] Dauban, "Paris en 1794," 410, 492, 498. (Letters frora the national agent of the district of Sancoins, Thermidor 9, year II.;from the Directory of Allier, Thermidor 9; from the national agent of the district of Villefort, Thermidor 9.) - Gouverneur Morris, April 10, 1794, says in a letter to Washington that the famine in many places is extremely severe. Men really die of starvation who have the means to buy bread if they could only get it.

[58] Volney, "Voyage en Orient," II., 344. "When Constantinople lacks food twenty provinces are starved for its supply."[59] Archives Nationales, AF., II , 46, 68. (Decree of committee of Public Safety.) The Treasury pays over to the city of Paris for subsistence, on Aug. 2, 1793, two millions, August 14, three, and September 2nd, one million; September 8, 16, and 23, one million each, and so on. . . . Between August 7, 1793 and Germinal '9, year II., the Treasury paid over to Paris, thirty one millions.

[60] Ibid, AF., II., 68. Decrees of Brumaire 14, Niv?se 7 and Germinal 22 on the departments assigned to the supply of Paris.

Buchez et Roux, XXVIII., 489. (Speech by Danton in Jacobin club, Aug.28, '793.) "I constantly asserted that it was necessary to give all to the mayor of Paris if he exacted it to feed its inhabitants. .

. . Let us sacrifice one hundred and ten millions and save Paris and through it, the Republic."[61] Archives des Affaires étrangères, vols. 1410 and 1411. Reports of June 20 and 21, 1793, July 21, 22, 28, 29 and 31, and every day of the months of August and September, 1793. Schmidt, "Tableaux de la Revolution Fran?aise," vol. II., passim - Dauban, "Paris in 1794,"(especially throughout Vent?se, year II.). - Archives Nationales, F.7, 31167. (Reports for Niv?se, year II.)[62] Dauban, "Paris en 1794,". (Report of Vent?se 2.)[63] Mercier, "Paris Pendant la Revolution," I., 355.

[64] Archives des Affaires étrangères, 141 I. (Reports of August 1and 2, 1763.) "At one o'clock in the morning, we were surprised to find men and women lying along the sides of the houses patiently waiting for the shops to open." - Dauban, 231. (Report of Vent?se 24.) To obtain the lights of a hog, at the slaughter house near the Jardin des Plantes, at the rate of three francs ten sous, instead of thirty sous as formerly, women "were lying on the ground with little baskets by their side and waiting four and five hours."[65] Archives Nationales, F.7, 31167. (Reports of Niv?se 9 and 28.)"The streets of Paris are always abominable; they are certainly afraid to use those brooms." Dauban, 120. (Vent?se 9.) "The rue St. Anne is blocked up with manure. In that part of it near the Rue Louvois, heaps of this stretch along the walls for the past fortnight."[66] Archives des Affaires étrangères, vol.1411. (Reports of August 9, 1793.) Mercier, I., 353. - Dauban, 530. (Reports of Fructidor 27, year II. "There are always great gatherings at the coal depots. They begin at midnight. one, two o'clock in the morning. Many of the habitués take advantage of the obscurity and commit all sorts of indecencies."[67] Schmidt, "Tableaux de la Revolution Fran?aise," II., 155.

(Reports of Vent?se 25.) - Dauban, 188. (Reports of Vent?se 19). -Ibid., (Reports of Vent?se 2.) Ibid., 126. (Reports of Vent?se 10.) -Archives Nationales, F. 7, 31167. (Reports of Niv?se 28, year II.)The women "denounce the butchers and pork sellers who pay no attention to the maximum law, giving only the poorest meat to the poor." Ibid., (Reports of Niv?se 6.) "It is frightful to see what the butchers give the people."[68] Mercier, 363. "The women struggled with all their might against the men and contracted the habit of swearing. The last on the row knew how to worm themselves up to the head of it." Buchez et Roux, XXVIII., 364. ("Journal de la Montague," July 28, 1793. "One citizen was killed on Sunday, July 21, one of the Gravilliers (club) in trying to hold on to a six pound loaf of bread which he had just secured for himself and family. Another had a cut on his arm the same day in the Rue Froid-Manteau. A pregnant woman was wounded and her child died in her womb."[69] Archives des Affaires étrangères, vol.1410. (Reports of August 6and 7, 1793.)[70] Dauban, 144. (Reports of Vent?se 19.)[71] Dauban, 199. (Reports of Vent?se 19.) - Dauban, "La Demagogie en 1793," p. 470. "Scarcely had the peasants arrived when harpies in women's clothes attacked them and carried off their goods....

Yesterday, a peasant was beaten for wanting to sell his food at the 'maximum' rate." (October 19, 1793.) - Dauban, "Paris en 1794," 144, 173, 199. (Reports of Vent?se 13, 17 and 19.) - Archives des Affaires étrangères, vol. 1410. (Reports of June 26 and 27, 1793.) Wagons and boats are pillaged for candles and soap.

[72] Dauban, 45. (Reports of Pluvi?se 17.) 222. (Reports of Vent?se 23.) - 160. (Reports of Vent?se 15.) - 340. (Reports of Germinal 28.) - 87. (Reports of Vent?se 5.)[73] Archives Nationales, AF., II., 116. (Order of Paganel, Castres, Pluvi?se 6 and 7, year II. "The steps taken to obtain returns of food have not fulfilled the object. . . . The statements made are either false or inexact.") Cf., for details, the correspondence of the other representatives on mission. - Dauban," Paris en1794." 190.