Ludwig van Beethoven
路德维希·凡·贝多芬
在流行音乐无比盛行的今天，仔细听过或研究过古典音乐的人越来越少了。但不可否认的是，古典音乐有着非比寻常的价值，很多古典音乐都被称作“永盛不衰”的经典艺术。而贝多芬的音乐，则是这些经典艺术中的经典。即便你没有听过他的交响乐，没有听过他的《月光奏鸣曲》，也一定听过他的《致爱丽丝》。
About Beethoven
关于贝多芬
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist。 Beethoven is acknowledged as one of the giants of classical music； occasionally he is referred to as one of the “three Bs” （along with Bach and Brahms） who epitomize that tradition。 He was also a pivotal figure in the transition from the 18th century musical classicism to the 19th century romanticism， and his influence on subsequent generations of composers was profound。
Born in Bonn， then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in present－day Germany， Beethoven moved to Vienna in his early 20s， studying with Joseph Haydn and quickly gaining a reputation as a virtuoso pianist。 His hearing began to deteriorate in the late 1790s， yet he continued to compose， conduct， and perform， even after becoming completely deaf。
Beethoven composed in several musical genres， and for a variety of instrument combinations。 His works for symphony orchestra include nine symphonies （the Ninth Symphony includes a chorus）， and about a dozen pieces of “occasional” music。 He wrote seven concerti for one or more soloists and orchestra， as well as four shorter works that include soloists accompanied by orchestra。 His only opera is Fidelio； other vocal works with orchestral accompaniment include two masses and a number of shorter works。
His large body of compositions for piano includes 32 piano sonatas and numerous shorter pieces， including arrangements of some of his other works。 Works with piano accompaniment include 10 violin sonatas， 5 cello sonatas， and a sonata for French horn， as well as numerous lieder。 Beethoven also wrote a significant quantity of chamber music。 In addition to 16 string quartets， he wrote five works for string quintet， seven for piano trio， five for string trio， and more than a dozen works for various combinations of wind instruments。
作为“乐圣”，作为“维也纳三杰”之一，贝多芬集古典音乐的大成，同时开辟了浪漫时期音乐的道路，对世界音乐的发展有着举足轻重的作用。该怎么形容他的音乐呢·
用萧伯纳的话来说：“他有能力设计最好的乐式；他能写出使你终身享受不尽的美丽的乐曲；他能挑出那些最干燥无味的旋律，把它们展开得那样引人，使你听上一百次也每回都能发现新东西：一句话，你可以拿所有用来形容以乐式见长的作曲家的话来形容他；但是他的病征，也就是不同于别人之处在于他那激动人心的本质，他能使我们激动，并把他那奔放的感情笼罩着我们。当贝里奥滋听到一位法国作曲家因为贝多芬的音乐使他听了很不舒服而说‘我听了能使我入睡的音乐’时，他非常生气。贝多芬的音乐是使你清醒的音乐，而当你想独自一个静一会儿的时候，你就怕听他的音乐。”
Key words ＆ Sentences
关键词句全知道
Beethoven was a phenomenon among musicians。
贝多芬是音乐家中的奇才。
Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony is a glorious piece of music。
贝多芬的《第九交响曲》是壮丽的音乐篇章。
The music of Irving Berlin is scarcely comparable to that of Beethoven。
欧文·伯林的音乐很难与贝多芬的媲美。
Both Bach and Beethoven wrote classical music。
巴赫与贝多芬谱写的都是古典音乐。
Beethoven was a great musician。
贝多芬是一位伟大的音乐家。
I like classical music， particularly Beethoven’s。
我喜欢古典音乐，特别是贝多芬的音乐。
Beethoven is regarded as one of the immortals of classical music。
贝多芬被认为是不朽的古典音乐大师。
Beethoven composed nine symphonies。
贝多芬写了9部交响乐。
I played a Beethoven sonata yesterday。
我昨天演奏了贝多芬的奏鸣曲。
I’ve got all the Beethoven symphonies on tape。
我有贝多芬交响乐全部的录音带。
Have you heard his rendering of Beethoven·
你听过他演奏的贝多芬的曲子吗·
I regard Beethoven as a genius who exerted arduous efforts。
我认为贝多芬是一位勤奋努力的天才。
She gave a splendid rendering of Beethoven’s piano sonata。
她精彩地演奏了贝多芬的钢琴奏鸣曲。
Give me Beethoven， not these modern crashing－tinkle composers。
给我一些贝多芬的作品，不要这些当代的喧嚣音乐作曲家的。
No one would deny that Beethoven’s symphonies are great masterpieces。
人人都认为贝多芬的交响乐是伟大的杰作。
He doesn’t like Beethoven and neither do I。
他不喜欢贝多芬的作品，我也不喜欢。
I can play Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony through without a mistake。
我能准确无误地演奏完贝多芬的《第五交响曲》。
I like Beethoven’s symphonies。
我喜欢贝多芬的交响乐。
Beethoven’s Symphony is unique in music。
贝多芬的交响乐在音乐史上是独一无二的。
Beethoven is a short， stocky man， untidily dressed， with dark and piercing eyes。 He refused to bow down to the nobility。
贝多芬身材粗短结实，不修边幅，有一双黑色敏锐的眼睛。他拒绝摧眉折腰事权贵。
Beethoven’s life ended sadly。
贝多芬临终境况凄凉。
The music was composed by Beethoven。
这首乐曲是贝多芬创作的。
They are playing a Beethoven sonata。
他们在演奏贝多芬的奏鸣曲。
I like his interpretation of Beethoven。
我喜欢他演奏的贝多芬作品。
This symphony was composed by Beethoven。
这首交响曲是贝多芬创作的。
She has a strong affinity for Beethoven。
她酷爱贝多芬的乐曲。
Are you acquainted with the works of Beethoven·
你熟悉贝多芬的作品吗·
In 1787 Beethoven traveled to Vienna and met his idol， Mozart。
1787年，贝多芬到了维也纳，见到了他崇拜的偶像莫扎特。
Beethoven revealed his own musical talents when he was very young。
贝多芬还很小的时候就显露出了音乐才华。
Beethoven’s Fifth symphony is the first major symphony to be scored for trombones。
贝多芬的《第五交响曲》是为长琴谱写的第一部大型交响乐。
I don’t care if they want to jazz up Bach， but I wish they would leave Beethoven alone。
如果他们想把巴赫的乐曲改编成爵士乐我不在乎，但我希望他不要去改贝多芬的乐曲。
In 1792 Beethoven returned to Vienna， where he spent the rest of his life。
1792年，贝多芬重返维也纳，在那里度过了他的一生。
I think Beethoven’s work is very touching。
我认为贝多芬的作品非常动人。
I know that I am an artist， murmured the dying Beethoven in the most magnificent of understatements。
“我知道我是一个艺术家。”弥留中的贝多芬以最动人的轻描淡写的口气喃喃地说了这句话。
Let’s Talk！
开始交流吧！
Mike： Is it okay if I play this CD·
麦克：我可以播放这盘CD唱片吗·
Daisy： I hope you don’t mind， but I’m not in the mood to listen to musical music。
黛西：我希望你别介意，但我没有心情听流行音乐。
Mike： I have some Beethoven CD。 How do you feel about that·
麦克：我有些贝多芬的音乐，你觉得那个怎么样·
Daisy： Now that’s what I call music。
黛西：对我而言，那才叫音乐。
Mike： Have you played any music instrument·
麦克：你弹什么乐器·
Daisy： A little bit about piano playing。
黛西：会一点钢琴。
Mike： Really· Piano is the most elegant instrument！
麦克：是吗·钢琴是最优雅的乐器。
Daisy： But my playing skill isn’t very good。
黛西：但是我的演奏技术不是很好。
Mike： Who is your most favorable composer·
麦克：哪个作曲家是你最喜欢的·
Daisy： Beethoven。
黛西：贝多芬。
Mike： I enjoyed Beethoven most of all。
麦克：我也是。在所有的音乐作品中，我最喜欢贝多芬音乐。
Daisy： Anyone who dislikes Beethoven must be a barbarian。
黛西：谁不喜爱贝多芬的作品，谁必定是个没有教养的人。
Mike： You have a little extreme。
麦克：你有点偏激了。
Daisy： Maybe you’re right。
黛西：也许你是对的。
Mike： Schubert’s grace， and Chopin’s beautiful sorrows， and the mighty harmonies of Beethoven， all of them are beautiful。
麦克：舒伯特的温文、肖邦的忧伤的美和贝多芬的雄浑的和谐，它们都很美。
Daisy： Good appetite。
黛西：你很有品位。
Johann Sebastian Bach
约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫