An Apology for Idlers
罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森 / Robert Louis Stevenson
Extreme busyness， whether at school or college， kirk or market， is a symptom of deficient vitality； and a faculty for idleness implies a catholic appetite and a strong sense of personal identity. There is a sort of dead-alive， hackneyed people about， who are scarcely conscious of living except in the exercise of some conventional occupation. Bring these fellows into the country， or set them aboard ship， and you will see how they pine for their desk or their study.
They have no curiosity； they cannot give themselves over to random provocations； they do not take pleasure in the exercise of their faculties for its own sake； and unless necessity lays about them with a stick， they will even stand still. It is no good speaking to such folk： they cannot be idle， their nature is not generous enough； and they pass those hours in a sort of coma， which are not dedicated to furious moiling in the gold-mill. When they do not require to go to the office， when they are not hungry and have no mind to drink， the whole breathing world is a blank to them. If they have to wait an hour or so for a train， they fall into a stupid trance with their eyes open. To see them， you would suppose there was nothing to look at and no one to speak with； you would imagine they were paralysed or alienated； and yet very possibly they are hard workers in their own ways， and have good eyesight for a flaw in a deed or a turn of the market. They have been to school and college， but all the time they had their eyes on the medal； they have gone about in the world and mixed with clever people， but all the time they were thinking of their own affairs. As if a man’s soul were not too small to begin with， they have dwarfed and narrowed theirs by a life of all work and no play； until here they are at forty， with a listless attention， a mind vacant of all materials of amusement， and not one thought to rub against another， while they wait for the train. Before he was breeched， he might have clambered on the boxes； when he was twenty， he would have stared at the girls； but now the pipe is smoked out， the snuffbox empty， and my gentleman sits bolt upright upon a bench， with lamentable eyes. This does not appeal to me as being Success in Life.
But it is not only the person himself who suffers from his busy habits， but his wife and children， his friends and relations， and down to the very people he sits with in a railway carriage or an omnibus.