第一节 回顾9·11
美国当地时间2011年9月11日11日上午,19名恐怖分子劫持了4架美国国内航班,分别对纽约市世贸中心和国防部所在地五角大楼发动了恐怖袭击,造成了举世震惊的“9·11”恐怖事件。
当地时间11日早上8时45分,被恐怖分子劫持的载有92名乘客的美洲航空公司11次航班撞向纽约市标志性建筑——世贸中心的其中一座大楼,并随即引发爆炸。就在当地电视台进行现场直播时,另一架载有65名乘客的美国联合航空公司的飞机从相反的方向高速而精确地撞向世贸中心的另一座大楼随即也发生了巨大爆炸,两次爆炸仅仅隔了18分钟。时隔不久,又一架载着64名乘客的美洲航空公司飞机撞向美国国防部所在地、弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿的五角大楼,毁坏了大楼的一角并造成大火。近10时,遭到撞击的纽约世贸中心正在疏散人群时,其中一幢大楼发生巨烈爆炸,并从上向下迅速坍塌。之后,第二幢大楼也跟着倒塌,整个纽约市烟尘蔽日,这对伟大的标志性建筑瞬间消失。同日,10点左右,第四架遭劫持的联合航空公司的客机在宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡附近坠毁。4架客机上共计266名乘客及机组成员全部遇难。事后,据美国官方公布的统计数字,“9·11”事件中死亡总人数达到3126人,5000多人受伤,直接经济损失达上千亿美元。
世界各国人民都认为,冷战结束后人类可能迎来前所未有的和平时代,事实上却并非如此,民族纠纷、地域争斗等变得更加激烈,南北之间的贫富差距也越来越大。
恐怖分子制造“9·11”恐怖袭击事件的本质是对美国强权政治的挑战,这也直接导致了布什政府将“9·11”事件定义为战争行为。经历了如此沉重的恐怖袭击事件,美国政府面临着一个重要的转折点。
美国政府采取了一系列紧急措施应对此次事件。确立了新的反恐战略和策略,建立了广泛的国际反恐联盟,采取以军事手段为主,辅之以政治、外交、情报、安全、法律、财经、社会、文化、传媒等各种手段,对恐怖主义进行坚决而彻底地打击。
这次恐怖袭击震惊了全世界,这也是美国历史上第一次针对美国本土进行的恐怖袭击。美国政府对此次恐怖袭击事件的谴责和立场也受到了大多数国家的同情和支持,全球各地在事件发生后都有各种悼念活动。从此之后,超级大国美国的外交政策就发生了巨大地改变,而该事件也导致了此后国际范围内的多国合作进行反恐怖活动,包括了阿富汗战争和伊拉克战争。同时,“恐怖主义”成为一个全球性的议题。至今,“9·11”事件带来的一系列影响仍未消散。
第二节 9·11事件当晚布什在白宫发表电视讲话
Good evening.
Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices.Secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers.Moms and dads.Friends and neighbors.
Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror.
The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing, have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet, unyielding anger.
These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed.Our country is strong.A great people has been moved to defend a great nation.
Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.
America was targeted for attack because we're the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world. And no one will keep that light from shining.
Today, our nation saw evil, the very worst of human nature, and we responded with the best of America, with the daring of our rescue workers, with the caring for strangers and neighbors who came to give blood and help in any way they could.
Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government's emergency response plans. Our military is powerful, and it's prepared.Our emergency teams are working in New York City and Washington, D.C., to help with local rescue efforts.
Our first priority is to get help to those who have been injured and to take every precaution to protect our citizens at home and around the world from further attacks.
The functions of our government continue without interruption. Federal agencies in Washington, which had to be evacuated today, are reopening for essential personnel tonight and will be open for business tomorrow.
Our financial institutions remain strong, and the American economy will be open for business as well.
The search is under way for those who are behind these evil acts. I've directed the full resources for our intelligence and law enforcement communities to find those responsible and bring them to justice.We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them.
I appreciate so very much the members of Congress who have joined me in strongly condemning these attacks. And on behalf of the American people, I thank the many world leaders who have called to offer their condolences and assistance.
America and our friends and allies join with all those who want peace and security in the world and we stand together to win the war against terrorism.
Tonight I ask for your prayers for all those who grieve, for the children whose worlds have been shattered, for all whose sense of safety and security has been threatened. And I pray they will be comforted by a power greater than any of us spoken through the ages in Psalm 23: "Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil for you are with me."
This is a day when all Americans from every walk of life unite in our resolve for justice and peace. America has stood down enemies before, and we will do so this time.
None of us will ever forget this day, yet we go forward to defend freedom and all that is good and just in our world.
Thank you. Good night and God bless America."
晚上好。
今天,我们的同胞,我们的生活,我们的自由,遭到了一系列有预谋的、惨无人道的恐怖分子袭击。许多人在飞机上或者是在他们的办公室中不幸遇难,他们中有秘书,有商人和妇女,有军人和政府工作人员,有父亲和母亲,还有朋友和邻居。
数千个生命瞬间就被邪恶的恐怖主义袭击吞噬了。飞机撞到了高楼上,浓烟滚滚,巨大的建筑物坍塌了,我们无法相信这一画面。我们心中充满了极度的悲痛和无言的、无法妥协的愤怒。
这次大规模屠杀行为目的是为了恐吓我们的国家,使美国陷入一片混乱之中。但他们失败了。我们的国家非常强大,我们伟大的人民已经行动起来,勇敢保卫我们伟大的祖国。
恐怖主义袭击能够摧毁我们一些高大的建筑物,但却动摇不了美国人民坚定的信念。这些恐怖活动能够破坏钢铁大厦,但却摧毁不了美国人民钢铁般的坚强意志。
美国成为恐怖分子的袭击目标,是因为我们在世界上高举自由和理想的火炬,但是任何人都不可能将这一火炬熄灭。
今天我们的国家遭遇了邪恶,这种邪恶是人性中最恶毒的。美国人民将全力以赴应对这一邪恶,我们的救援人员英勇无畏,无论是陌生人还是我们的朋友,他们纷纷伸出援助之手,向我们提供血液,给予他们力所能及的帮助。
事件发生之后,我立即启动了政府的紧急应对计划,我们的军队是强大的,他们已经做好了充分的准备。
我们的紧急救援队伍正在纽约和华盛顿特区紧张地工作着,和当地救援人员并肩作战。我们的当务之急是帮助那些受伤者,并保持高度警惕,随时保护国内和世界各地的美国公民不再受到袭击。
我们的政府将保持正常运转,不会中断。今天,华盛顿的联邦政府机构大都被疏散,一些重要工作人员将于今天晚上恢复工作,而整个政府机构也将于明天全面正常办公。
我们的金融机构依然强大,美国经济也将恢复正常。
搜救在受伤人员的工作正在展开。我已经下令所有情报及司法部门全力协作,找出应为此事负责的人,并将他们绳之以法。我们将对恐怖分子和那些庇护他们的人一视同仁,决不姑息。
我对国会议员们能与我一起强烈谴责此次袭击事件的行为表示赞赏。在此,我还代表美国人民,向对此事表示哀悼和伸出援助之手的世界各国的领导人表示诚挚的感谢。
美国和我们的朋友及盟友将与那些企盼和平与安全的国家携手,共同为打赢反抗恐怖主义的战争而奋斗。
今晚,我要求你们一同祈祷,为所有处于灾难之中的人们,为那些美好世界被无情击碎的孩子,为所有那些安全受到威胁的人们。我祈祷他们能够从《第23诗篇》中得到更大的力量和安慰,正如诗篇中所说的:“就算我走过被死亡阴影笼罩的山谷,我也毫不畏惧,因为有你们和我在一起。”
今天,所有的美国人在公正和和平的信念下团结在一起。美国从前曾经击败过它的敌人,这次我们也能够做到。
没有人会忘记这一天,我们会继续捍卫自由,捍卫我们这个世界上美好和正义的事业。
谢谢各位,晚安,愿上帝保佑美国!
第三节 精彩语录
Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.
恐怖主义袭击能够摧毁我们一些高大的建筑物,但却动摇不了美国人民坚定的信念。这些恐怖活动能够破坏钢铁大厦,但却摧毁不了美国人民钢铁般的坚强意志。
Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil for you are with me.
就算我走过被死亡阴影笼罩的山谷,我也毫不畏惧,因为有你们和我在一起。